The Wali Sanga is spread of Islamic religious figures in Indonesia, especially in Java in the 20th century 14. They live on 3 An important area of ​​the north coast of Java Island, namely in Surabaya Gresik / Lamongan / Tuban in East Java, Demak-Kudus-Muria in Central Java, and Cirebon in West Java.

Understanding Walisongo

Women's Era

Namely, this is the era of the end of Hindu and Buddhist domination in various Indonesian cultures to be replaced by Islamic culture.. Wali is a symbol of the spread of Islamic religious figures in Indonesia, Especially in Java. Of course, many other public figures also played a role.

However, their very big role was in establishing an Islamic kingdom in Java, And also its influence on the culture of society at large and Dakwah directly, This makes the Walisongo more frequently mentioned than the others.

Meaning of Walisongo

There are several opinions about the meaning of Dari The Wali Sanga. First is the Nine Guardians That is, which indicates the number of Guardians that are Nine, Namely or sanga in Javanese. However, another opinion states that the word songo is sanga which comes from the word Tsana which in Arabic means noble. Another opinion is that the word sana comes from Javanese, which means place.

Another opinion says that The Wali Sanga This is a da'wah assembly which was first founded by Sunan Gresik (Maulana Malik Ibrahim) In the year 1404 AD (808 Hijri).[1] The Guardians were reformers for society in their time. Their influence was felt in various forms of manifestation of the New Civilization for Javanese society, Starting from health, And farming, business, Culture, And Arts, society, Until it reaches the government.

Walisongo's name

From the names of these Walisongo, In general, there are nine names that are known or known by the people of Java as the most famous members of the Guardian, that is:

1. Sunan Gresik (Maulana Malik Ibrahim)
2. Sunan Ampel (Raden Rahmat)
3. Sunan Bonang (Makhdum Ibrahim)
4. Sunan Drajat
5. The name of Jerusalem
6. Suran Giri
7. Sunan Kalijaga
8. Sunan Muria (Raden Umar Said)
9. Sunan Gunung Jati (Sharif Hidayatullah)

Maulana Malik Ibrahim (Sunan Gresik)

Is the 22nd descendant of Prophet Muhammad SAW. He is also called Sunan Gresik, or Sunan Tandhes, Or Mursyid Akbar Tariq . Nasab As-Sayyid (Maulana Malik Ibrahim) Genealogy (Maulana Malik Ibrahim)according to a note from As-Sayyid Bahruddin Ba'alawi Al-Husaini whose collection of notes was later recorded in an Encyclopedia of Nasab Ahlul Bait consisting of several volumes (volume).

In the note it is written: AS-Sayyid Maulana Malik Ibrahim Bin As-Sayyid Barakat Zainal Alam bin As-Sayyid Husain Jamaluddin Bin As-Sayyid Ahmad Jalaluddin bin As-Sayyid Abdullah Bin As-Sayyid Abdul Malik Azmatkhan bin As-Sayyid Alwi Ammil Faqih Bin As-Sayyid Muhammad Sahib Mirbat Bin As-Sayyid Ali Khali’ Qasam bin As-Sayyid Alwi bin As-Sayyid Muhammad bin As-Sayyid Alwi bin As-Sayyid Ubaidillah bin Al-Imam Ahmad Al-Muhajir bin Al Imam Isa bin Al Imam Muhammad bin Al-Imam Ali Al-Uraidhi bin Al-Imam Ja 'far Shadiq bin Al-Imam Muhammad Al-Baqir Bin Al-Imam Ali Zainal Abidin Bin Al-Imam Al-Husain bin Sayyidah Fathimah Az-Zahra/Ali bin Abi Thalib, Daughter of Prophet Muhammad SAW

And he is thought to have been born in Samarkand in Central Asia, In the early part of the Fourteenth Century. Meinsma's version of the Javanese Chronicle has called it Asmarakandi, Following the pronunciation Or the word Tongue of the Javanese against As-Samarqandy. In a folk tale, There are also those who call him Grandpa Pillow.

(Maulana Malik Ibrahim) have, three a wife named Yakni:

1. Siti Fatimah daughter of Ali Nurul Alam Maulana Israil (King Champa Azmatkhan Dynasty 1),and has two children, which is named: Maulana Moqfaroh and Syarifah Sarah

2. Lady Maryam Sheikh Subakir's daughter,And he has four children, Namely: Abdullah, Ibrahim, Abdul Ghafur, and Ahmad

3. Wan Jamilah Bint Ibrahim Zainuddin Al-Akbar Asmaraqandi,Who has two children namely named: Abbas And Yusuf.

And then Sharifah Sarah Binti (Maulana Malik Ibrahim) Married or betrothed to Sayyid Fadhal Ali Murtadha [Sunan Santri/ Raden Santri] And she gave birth to two sons, namely Haji Uthman (Sunan Manyuran)/ Uthman Haji (Sunan Ngudung). And Next Sayyid Uthman Haji (Sunan Ngudung) have a son named: Sayyid Ja'far Sadiq [The name of Jerusalem].

(Maulana Malik Ibrahim) He is considered the first saint of Allah to preach or tell about the Islamic religion in Java. And he taught how to cultivate and he also embraced many people from Dari, a group of Javanese people who were marginalized by the end of the reign of the Majapahit kingdom. (Malik Ibrahim) Has tried to attract people's hearts, Which is being hit by an economic crisis/war between brothers.

And he also built a hut as a place to study religion in Leran, Gresik. He also built a mosque as the first place of worship in Java, and even now the mosque has been used as a Jami Mosque’ Gresik. In the year 1419, (Malik Ibrahim) Death or Death. His grave is in the village of Gapura Wetan, Gresik, East Java.

Sunan Ampel (Raden Rahmat)

Raden Rahmat is the real name of Uunan Ampel, The Nineteenth descendant of Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him, According to history, he was the son of Ibrahim Zainuddin Al-Akbar and one of the daughters of Champa named Dewi Condro Wulan Bint Raja Champa, the last of the Ming Dynasty..

The complete fate is as follows: Sunan Ampel bin Sayyid Ibrahim Zainuddin Al-Akbar bin Sayyid Jamaluddin Al-Husain bin Sayyid Ahmad Jalaluddin bin Sayyid Abdullah bin Sayyid Abdul Malik Azmatkhan bin Sayyid Alwi Ammil Faqih bin Sayyid Muhammad Shahib Mirbath bin Sayyid Ali Khali’ Qasam bin Sayyid Alwi bin Sayyid Muhammad bin Sayyid Alwi bin Sayyid Ubaidillah bin Sayyid Ahmad Al-Muhajir bin Sayyid Isa bin Sayyid Muhammad bin Sayyid Ali Al-Uraidhi bin Imam Ja'far Shadiq bin Imam Muhammad Al-Baqir bin Imam Ali Zainal Abidin bin Imam Al-Husain bin Sayyidah Fathimah Az-Zahra binti Nabi Muhammad Rosulullah SAW.

Sunan Ampel is generally considered an elder by other saints. The Islamic boarding school is located in Ampel Denta, Surabaya, and is one of the oldest centers for the spread of Islam in Java.

He is married to Dewi Condrowati who is titled Nyai Ageng Manila, The daughter of the Duke of Tuban was named Arya Teja and was also married to Dewi Karimah bint Ki Kembang Kuning. Sunan Ampel's marriage to Dewi Condrowati alias Nyai Ageng Manila binti Aryo Tejo, Prince: Sunan Bonang,Siti Sharia'ah,Sunan Degrees,Sunan Sedayu,Siti Muthmainnah and Siti Hafsah.

Sunan Ampel's wedding to Dewi Karimah bint Ki Kembang Kuning, Has a daughter named: Dewi Murtasiyah,Love,Raden Husamuddin (Sunan Lamongan,Raden Zainal Abidin (Sunan Demak),Prince Tumapel/Raden Faqih (Sunan Ampel 2. Tomb of Sunan Ampel Teletak Near the Ampel Mosque, Surabaya.

Sunan Bonang (Makhdum Ibrahim)

Sunan Bonang is the son of Sunan Ampel, And he is the 23rd descendant of Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him. He is the son of Sunan Ampel and Nyai Ageng Manila, daughter of the Duke of Tuban named Arya Teja.

And Sunan Bonang preached a lot through art to attract the Javanese population or society to embrace Islam..

And he was once said to be a composer of Suluk Wijil Dan tembang or Singing Tombo Ati, which people still often sing. And the update to Javanese gamelan is by including rebab and bonang, Which is often associated with his name.

Leiden University stores a Javanese literary work called Het Boek van Bonang or Bonang Book. According to G.W.J.. Drewes, It is not an essay by Sunan Bonang but perhaps it also contains his teachings. Sunan Bonang is thought to have died in 1525. and he was buried in Tuban district, East Java.

Sunan Drajat

Sunan Drajat is the son of Sunan Ampel, And is still the 23rd descendant of Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him. The name Masih Munat is the original name of Sunan Draja. Munat is still famous by the name Sunan Drjat. His name when he was little was Raden Qasim.

Sunan Drajat is famous for his social activities. He is the Guardian of Allah who has pioneered the integration of orphans and sick people. He is the son of Sunan Ampel and Nyai Ageng Manila, daughter of the Duke of Tuban named Arya Teja. and Sunan Drajat has preached a lot to the community or people who are mostly Muslims. He emphasized generosity,and hard work, or and increased prosperity For the community, Namely as a practice of the Islamic religion.

The Sunan Drajat Islamic Boarding School is run independently as a territory for fief, which is located in Drajat Village, Paciran District, Lamongan. The Pangkur macapat song is said to be his creation. Gamelan Singomengkok his remains can be found in the Sunan Drajat District Museum, Lamongan. Sunan Drajat is thought to have died or died in 1522.

The name of Jerusalem

Sunan Kudus is the son of Sunan Ngudung or Raden Usman Haji, with Syarifah Ruhil or Dewi Ruhil whose title is Nyai Anom Manyuran binti Nyai Ageng Melaka binti Sunan Ampel. Sunan Kudus is the 24th descendant of Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him.

Sunan Kudus bin Sunan Ngudung bin Fadhal Ali Murtadha bin Ibrahim Zainuddin Al-Akbar bin Jamaluddin Al-Husain bin Ahmad Jalaluddin bin Abdillah bin Abdul Malik Azmatkhan bin Alwi Ammil Faqih bin Muhammad Shahib Mirbath bin Ali Khali’ Qasam bin Alwi bin Muhammad bin Alwi bin Ubaidillah bin Ahmad Al-Muhajir bin Isa bin Muhammad bin Ali Al-Uraidhi bin Ja'far Shadiq bin Muhammad Al-Baqir bin Ali Zainal Abidin bin Al-Husain bin Sayyidah Fathimah Az-Zahra binti Nabi Muhammad saw Rasulullah.

As a guardian of Allah, Sunan Kudus had a very large role in the government of the Demak Sultanate, or as a warlord,and advisor to the Sultan of Demak, Mursyid Tariqah and state court judge.

And he often preached among the rulers and Javanese gentry. who was once his student, namely Sunan Prawoto, the ruler of Demak, and Arya Penangsang, Duke of Jipang Panolan. one of his famous relics is the Menara Kudus Mosque, whose architecture is a mixture of Hindu and Islamic styles. and Sunan Kudus is estimated to have died or passed away in 1550.

Suran Giri

Sunan Giri is the son of Maulana Ishaq. And Sunan Giri is the 23rd descendant of Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him, was a student of Sunan Ampel and a fellow teacher of Sunan Bonang. And he established independent government in Giri Kedaton, Gresik, and then act as a center for sources of Islamic preaching in the regions of Java and eastern Indonesia, it has even reached the Maluku islands.

And one of his famous descendants is Sunan Giri Prapen, who spread Islam to the Lombok and Bima regions.

Sunan Kalijaga

Sunan Kalijaga is the son of the Duke of Tuban, namely Tumenggung Wilatikta or Raden Sahur or Sayyid Ahmad bin Mansur. (Sheikh Subakir). He was one of Sunan Bonang's students. and Sunan Kalijaga also used art and culture as a means or way to preach, These include the art of shadow puppetry and suluk songs.

The songs Suluk lir-Ilir and Gundul-Gundul Pacul are generally considered to be his works. And in one narration, Sunan Kalijaga is said to have married someone named Dewi Saroh bint Maulana Ishaq, also married Syarifah Zainab binti Sheikh Siti Jenar and Ratu Kano Kediri binti Raja Kediri.
Read it too : Companion of the prophet

Sunan Muria (Raden Umar Said)

Sunan Muria or what is called Raden Umar Said is the son of Sunan Kalijaga. He is the son of Sunan Kalijaga from his wife, Dewi Sarah bint Maulana Ishaq. Sunan Muria married someone named Dewi Sujinah, daughter of Sunan Ngudung. So Sunan Muria is the younger brother-in-law of Sunan Kudus.

Sunan Gunung Jati (Sharif Hidayatullah)

Sunan Gunung Jati or (Sharif Hidayatullah) He is the son of Syarif Abdullah Umdatuddin, son of Ali Nurul Alam, son of Sheikh Husain Jamaluddin Akbar. And from his mother's side, he is still a descendant of the Pajajaran palace, namely through Nyai Rara Santang, is the son of Sri Baduga Maharaja.

Sunan Gunung Jati developed the Cirebsson area as a center for preaching and government, after which it became the Sultanate of Cirebon. His son is named Maulana Hasanuddin, also succeeded in developing power and spreading Islam in Banten, So it later became a forerunner to the founding of the Sultanate of Banten.

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