Tajwid Mad
Complete Tajweed Mad includes the types and several understandings
Understanding Mad
Mad literally means to extend or exaggerate, in terms of mad can be interpreted as a long sound sign in Arabic (short sounds become long sounds).
In terms of terms of tajwid scholars and reading scholars, mad means to lengthen the sound with an extension according to the position of one of the letters mad. There are two mad parts, that is mad original and mad far’i. There are three letters mad, namely alif, wau, and yes’ and the letters must line up dead or valid. The length and shortness of reading mad is measured using the vowel.
Types of Mad
- Original mad or thobi’i mad
- Mad Obligatory Muttasil
- Mad Ja’iz Munfasil
- Mad Lin or Mad Layyin
- Mad Badal
- Mad Tamkin
- Mad ‘iwad
- Mad Arid
- Mad farq
- Mad Silah |
- Mad Silah Tawilah
- Mad Lazim Muthaqqal Kalimi
- Mad Lazim Mukhaffaf Kalimi
- Mad Lazim Muthaqqal Harfi
- Mad Lazim Mukhaffaf Harfi
Mad Asli or Mad Thobi’i
is to lengthen the reading because there is a mad letter ( ا , و , ي), and no cause can change its authenticity.
Mad Asli or Mad Thob’i is extended along 2 movement
Example – original mad example:
Mad Obligatory Muttasil
Mad Wajib Muttasil occurs when the original mad or mad thobi'i meets the letter hamzah ( ء ) in one word
The way to read muttasil compulsory mad is mad extended to be 4 or 5 movement
Example – for example mad muttasil compulsory
Mad Ja’iz Munfasil
Mad Ja’iz Munfasil occurs when the original mad or mad thobi’i meets the letter hamzah ( ء ) in two words
How to read Mad Ja’iz Munfasil is mad in lengthening to be 4 or 5 movement
Example – example Mad Ja'iz Munfasil
Mad Lin or Mad Layyin
Mad Lin or Mad Layyin occurs in the letters lined up (fathah and dhomah) meet the letter yes ( ي ) or wau ( و ) marked with breadfruit, while in front of it there is one more letter that has been deactivated because of waqaf (Stop).
Or in simpler explanatory language,
is slanted reading (lin) meet one letter that is turned off because of waqof (Stop)
What is meant by italic reading (lin) is a reading that reads like
– "Ai” = fathah meet yes,
– "At” = fathah met wau.
Mad Lin or Mad Layyin happens only when it stops (waqaf).
How to read Mad Lin or Mad Layyin is extended 2, 4 or 6 movement
if you ask so 2, 4 or 6 movement ? of, you can choose any one, it's just that you have to be consistent with the first choice if you find similar reading until the end of the reading.
Mad Badal
Mad Badal happens if it's hamzah ( ء ) meet the mad letters.
How to read Mad Badal is extended 2 movement.
Example – for example Mad Badal
Mad Tamkin
Mad Tamkin is mad at the letter yes ( ي ) who are tasydid and also berkasroh ( يِّ )
The way to read Mad Tamkin is by length 2 movement.
Example – for example Mad Tamkin
Mad ‘iwad
Mad 'iwad happens if it stops (waqaf) on the letters that line fatha tain ( ً ).
Except for the letter ta marbuthah ( ة ).
The way to read Mad ‘iwadh is tanwin (an) eliminated and read like a regular fatha (a) with length 2 movement.
Example – for example Mad ‘iwadh
Mad Arid
Mad Arid Lissukun happened when it stopped (waqof) at the end of the sentence so as to turn off the last letter is before the letter that is turned off there is the original mad.
The way to read Mad Arid Lissukun is the length of the reading 2, 4 or 6 movement.
Example – example of Mad Arid Lissukun
Mad farq
Mad farq is a mad that results from the meeting of mad badal and the letter bertasydid.
Named mad farq because to distinguish that the hamzah is hamzah to ask "what?”.
Also known as mad istifham (question).
How to read Mad farq the length of the reading is 6 movement.
Mad Silah |
Mad Silah Qasirah mad that occurs when “ha dhamir” (pronouns) is between two lined up letters ( not a dead letter).
The way to read Mad Silah Qasirah is the length of the reading 2 movement.
Mad Silah Tawilah
Mad Silah Tawilah is mad that happens if “ha dhamir” (pronouns) meet the letters hamzah that line up and the letters before “ha dhamir” it is also lined up.
How to read Mad Silah Tawilah the length of the reading is 4 or 5 movement.
Example – for example Mad Silah Tawilah
Mad Lazim Muthaqqal Kalimi
Mad Lazim Muthaqqal Kalimi occurs when the original mad meets the letter bertasydid in one word.
Mad Lazim Muthaqqal Kalimi is read at length 6 movement
Mad Lazim Mukhaffaf Kalimi
Mad Lazim Mukhaffaf Kalimi occurs when the letters mad are met by letters that line the breadfruit in one word. Only available on 2 place in the Quran:
— (Yunus : 91)
Mad Lazim Mukhaffaf Kalimi in long read 6 movement.
Mad Lazim Muthaqqal Harfi
Mad Lazim Muthaqqal Harfi : mad found on certain letters spelled at the beginning of the surah , and from the sound of the spelling there is a mad that is followed by mim or nun sukun and then meets with mim.
The letters are:
Mad Lazim Mukhaffaf Harfi
Mad Lazim Mukhaffaf Harfi : occurs when reading single letters yand in spelling (read the name of the letter) at the beginning of the surahs in the Qur’an.
The letters are:
Related article :
- Qolqolah dan Tanda-tanda Waqof
- Tajwid, Breadfruit Mim Law (Ikhfa syafawi, Idghom mislain and Idzhar syafawi)
- Tajwid Hukum Nun Mati dan Tanwin
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