Kediri Kingdom-History, Raja, Religion And Its Legacy

This time we will discuss material about the kingdom of Kediri which includes history, raja, religion as well as its complete legacy

Early History

The Kediri Kingdom is a continuation of the Isyan Kingdom (Medan Kamulan Government). Kediri Kingdom or Panjalu Kingdom, Among 1042-1222 This kingdom is based in the city of Daha, which is located in the current city of Kediri.

Indeed, Daha city existed before the Kediri Kingdom was created. Daha Berarti Dhanapura, which means city of fire. This name is found in the Pamwatan inscription issued by Airlangga on 1042.

This is consistent with the news from Serat Calon Arang that at the end of Airlanga's reign,, the center of government is no longer in the Invisible, but moved to Dahu. This kingdom is one of the two kingdoms of the Kauripani faction on 1045. Kediri Kingdom territory is the southern part of the Invisible Kingdom.

In late November 1042, Airlanga was forced to divide her kingdom as her two sons fought for the throne. A son named Sri Samarawijaya received a western kingdom named Panjalu with its center in the new city, that is Daha. Meanwhile a son named Mapanji Garasakan conquered the eastern kingdom called Jenggala with its center in the old city, namely Kahuripan.

King of Kediri

Kediri Kingdom As a very famous kingdom, Kediri is ruled by 8 the king from the beginning to the collapse. Of the eight reigning kings, only Prabu Jayabay can liberate the kingdom of Kediri in the golden age. The order of the eight kings of Kediri who once ruled in his time is as follows::

Sri Jayawarsa

The story can be known from the Sira Keting inscription (1104 M), where the king Sri Jayavars was very concerned with his people. This was proved during his reign, Sri Jayavarsa often gave gifts to villagers in recognition of his abilities. other than that, Jayavarsa always tries its best to improve people's welfare.

Sri Bameshwara

Many of the remaining inscriptions are scattered in the areas of Kertosono and Tulung Agung. Inscription from King Sri Bameshvara contains more questions about religion. So from this inscription you can tell that the state of his reign in the past was very good.

Prabu Jayabaya

The Kediri kingdom survived the golden age during the reign of King Jayabai. His leadership strategy in pursuing people's prosperity and prosperity is truly extraordinary.

Kingdom with the capital Dahono Puro at the foot of Mount Kelud, the soil is very fertile. That way, all the plants planted can turn green, cause a lot of planting and agricultural products.

Sri Sarwaswera

The history of work under Sri Sarvasver's direction is based on the Padelegan II inscription (1159) and prasasti kahyunan (1161). King Sri Sarvasvera is very famous as a king, very obedient and cultured. According to him, the ultimate goal of human life is moksha (the unification of the soul and the paramatma). The main or true way is that which leads to association, therefore, if something gets in the way, then it's wrong.

Sri Arieswara

King Sri Ariesvara was the king of Kediri, who ruled around the year 1171, this is based on the inscription on the date 23 March 1171 Wind. Abhisekan's name was Sri Maharaja Reik Hino, Sri Ariesvara Madhusudanavatar Arijamuka.

Sri Gandra

The reign of Sri Gandra can be identified by the Jaring inscription in 1181. During the reign of King Sri Gandra, many use the name of the beast as someone's title in the palace. These names indicate the high and low ranks of a person in the royal palace, like the elephant's name, mouse, and kebo.

Sri Kameshwara

Thanks to the Ceker inscription 1182 and Kakawin Smaradhana, You can learn about the heyday of King Sri Kameshvara’s reign. During his reign in 1182 – 1185. Literary art is developing very fast. One proof is MPU Dharmaja, who is the author of the book Smaradhana. Lots of folklore, who was very famous at that time, for example the story of Panji Semiranga.

Sri Kertajaya

The reign of King Sri Kertajay lasted from 1190 to 1222 and known as "Dandang Gendis". During the reign of Raja Sri Kertajaya, stability in the kingdom of Kediri fell as his relationship with the Brahmins became worse. Many Brahmins fled and enlisted the help of Ken Arok as the leader of the Duchy of Tumapel.

Then there was a war between Raja Sri Kertajaya and Ken Arok, supported by the Brahmins. This battle took place around 1222 M under Gunther with Ken Arook's victory. The reign of Sri Kertajaya can be seen from the inscriptions on his relics. Like the Kamulan inscription 1194, Galungung inscription 1194, prasasti pala 1197, Nagarakretagama and Pararaton inscriptions and Waits Pendant 1205.

Religion in its society

The religious style of the Kediri community is made from archaeological finds found in the Kediri area. Gurah Temple and Tondo Wongso Temple showing Hindu religious history, especially Shiva. Petirtaan Kepung can also be a Hindu, because there is no Buddhist element to be seen inside the building.

I miss it

There are several types of relics from the time of the largest Hindu kingdom in Indonesia. This relic is presented in the form of an inscription, and some in book form (literature work), very famous. The relics of the Kediri Hindu kingdom in the form of inscriptions:

Banjar (974 Says / 1052)
Down from Hyang (974 says / 1052 m)
Khantang (1057 Says / 1135 AD)
Padlegan (1038 Says / 1116)
Lawudan (1127 says / 1205)
Network (1103 Says / 1181)

At the time of Kediri, book (literature work) receive very fast development. So many famous literary works were produced during this Hindu kingdom. Among the royal legacies in the form of very famous books (literature work) cover:

Wertasancaya from Mpu Tan Akung.
Smaradhahana was compiled by MPU Dharmaji.
MPU Tan Akung in Lubdaka.
Kresnayana from Triguna MPU.
Samanasantaka Mama Monaguna.
Baharatuyuda consists of MPU Sedah and MPU Panuluh
Gatotkacasraya and Harivangs book were compiled by MPU Panuluh.

All books (literature work) teaching everyone in the world to do good to one another. Because with kindness, harmony and unity of people will be created, which will ultimately lead to national unity. A successful nation is a nation that can appreciate the efforts of its people.

So and so I thank you…

Explanation