Ikhfa is one of the laws of tajwid in reading the Qur'an that is good and correct is the law of nun mati and tanwin, The following is a complete explanation of what the letters are and also examples and how to read them.

Ikhfa in this discussion is ikhfa haqiqi which is a law of reciting the Qur'an in the law of nun mati or tanwin, different from ikhfa syafawi. If Ikhfa Syafawi is under the law, Mim is dead.

Definition

Known in the legal division of Nun Mati and Tanwin, the letter is a letter not owned by Izhar, Idghom, and Iqlab. So that the number of letters is the most of all the laws in the law of Nun Mati and Tanwin.

The letters ikfa are numbered 15, to be the most among others when talking about the law of nun death or tanwin, If you have trouble memorizing the letters , then just memorize idzhar, idghom and iqlab, after that other than the letter is the letter ikhfa.

Letter Ikhfa

In the law of tajwid, Ikhfa is a law established in the recitation of Nun Mati and Tanwin when meeting with one of them 15 (fifteen letters) hijaiyah.

ت

ث

ج

د

ذ

ز

س

ش

ص

ض

ط

ظ

ف

ق

ك

The law is not only a law that is in the discussion of Nun Mati and Tanwin. Ihkfa’ This is also in the discussion section on Mim Mati, but in the name of Ikhfa 'he was given the addition of Syafawi.

The addition is a sign indicating that what is meant is Ikfa’ in the discussion of Meme Mati, not Nun Mati and Tanwin.

How to Read it

The way to read this law is to sound vaguely between Idzhar . and Idzhar & Idghom. By reading position,  there is in the middle. Because reading Ikhfa’ this has a vague idghom, then the voice of ghunnah which is brought by Idghom is also issued here. Yes, Ikhfa’ has a vague ghunnah.

How long does there continue to be ghunnah on Ikhfa ’? Ghunnah on the recitation of the Ikhfa’ this has a length(2) movement. So it is necessary to be careful people who read the Koran there when there is someone who reads the Koran must really pay attention and understand this well.

Because there are so many, the one who recites the recitation of the Ikhfa’ without noticing and understanding the length of the reverberation. In fact, a lot of people read like without a buzz and just continue right away.

The number of letters is letters that, apart from being found in other reading laws and in the discussion of Nun Mati & Tanwin. The amount available (fifteen) maybe it will be difficult to memorize.

Therefore, usually, Letters are placed at the end of words that organize a poem to make it easier to memorize. That verse is:

صِفْ ذَا ثَنَا كَمْ جَادَ شَخْصٌ قَدْ سَمَا … دُمْ طَيِّباً زِدْ فِي تُقًى ضَعْ ظَالِمَا

Therefore, it will be easier for all of us to say what the Ikhfa Letters are.

Example

The following is a table containing complete letters with examples

1	ت	فِئَةٌ تُقَاتِلُ
2	ث	ثُمَّ مِنْ نُطْفَةٍ ثُمَّ
3	ج	صَعِيدًا جُرُزًا
4	د	قِنْوَانٌ دَانِيَةٌ
5	ذ	بَاسِطٌ ذِرَاعَيْهِ
6	ز	نَفْسًا زَكِيَّةً
7	س	خَمْسَةٌ سَادِسُهُمْ
8	ش	بَأْسًا شَدِيدًا
9	ص	رِيحًا صَرْصَرًا
10	ض	وَكُلًّا ضَرَبْنَا
11	ط	قَوْمًا طَاغِينَ
12	ظ	إِلَّا مِرَاءً ظَاهِرًا
13	ف	خَيْرًا فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ
14	ق	مُصِيبَةٌ قَالُوا
15	ك	بِمَاءٍ كَالْمُهْلِ

 

To read, take the last example, إن كنتم. Nun Dead voice on the word إن and not read clearly. But for vague reading. So, between Idzhar & Idghom, take the middle. But, his voice was not then changed as when pronouncing the letter ‘ng’ which is turned off.

Sounds the same or similar to ‘ng’ it is more because at the end of this recitation there is a ghunnah sound produced by Idghom.

It's like that, during the process of faintly uttering that Nun Mati's voice,try to position the mouth towards the letter ك. until, mouth position like that, the vague process of voicing the Dead Nun, and also the ghunnah voice of the faint Idghom, gather. The length is one alif or two harakat.

How can I read it?? Take one of the first examples, lafadz فِئَةٌ تُقَاتِلُ. There are dlummatain with the last letter or end of a word فئة. continue, in front of, there are letters ت, one of the Ikhfa' letters. For how to read it, it's not fiatun tuqootilu alias diizharkan. But also not fiatuttuqootilu aka diidghomkan.

Continue how to do it ? Take the middle. will probably sound fiatung tuqootilu. But, not to replace it like adding the Consonant Letter 'ng’ to turn off. But, the position of the mouth to pronounce the Letter ت when the time is in the middle between idzhar & idghom.

Read it too :

• Idgham bigunnah
• Idgham Bilagunnah

It is during this process that a faint buzzing sound is heard having an idghom. And for that, set this faint buzz has a length of one alif or equal to two harakat. So when reading فئة it's like there's a short pause to voice idghom's ghunnah, continue then utter تقاتل. More, read;(30) Examples of Ikhfa in the Qur'an with its Letters and Verses.

 

So in this discussion, hope it can be useful

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